Vanderbilts imaze gufatwa nk'ubwami bw'Abanyamerika, yerekanaga ubwiza bw'ikinyejana cya Zahabu.Azwiho guteramo ibirori byiza, bashinzwe kandi kubaka amazu amwe manini kandi meza cyane muri Amerika.Urubuga nk'urwo ni Elm Court, bivugwa ko ari runini ku buryo ruzenguruka imigi ibiri.Gusa yagurishijwe $ 8m (£ 6.6m), arenga $ 4m mugihe cyambere $ 12.5m (£ 10.3m) abaza igiciro.Kanda cyangwa uzenguruke kugirango uzenguruke uru rugo rwiza kandi wige uburyo rwagize uruhare mubintu bibiri byingenzi byabayeho mu mateka…
Hagati y’imijyi ya Stockbridge na Lenox, muri Massachusetts, nta buso bwa hegitari 89 ni inzira nziza kuri imwe mu miryango ikomeye ku isi.Frederick Law Olmsted, umuntu wihishe inyuma ya Parike Nkuru, yahawe akazi ko kubaka ubusitani bw'iyi ngoro.
Vanderbilts ni umwe mu miryango ikize cyane mu mateka y'Abanyamerika, ikintu gikunze gucecekeshwa kuko umutungo wabo ushobora guturuka ku mucuruzi na nyir'umucakara Cornelius Vanderbilt.Mu 1810, yagurije nyina amadorari 100 (£ 76) (hafi $ 2,446 uyu munsi) kugira ngo atangire ubucuruzi bw’umuryango maze atangira gukora ubwato butwara abagenzi ku kirwa cya Staten.Nyuma yaje gushora mu bwato mbere yo gushinga gari ya moshi nkuru ya New York.Nk’uko Forbes ikomeza ivuga, bivugwa ko Koruneliyo yakusanyije akayabo ka miliyoni 100 z'amadolari y'Amerika (miliyoni 76 z'amapound) mu buzima bwe, ahwanye na miliyari 2.9 z'amadorari y'amafaranga y'uyu munsi, kandi arenga ayo yari mu Isanduku ya Amerika muri kiriya gihe.
Birumvikana ko Koruneliyo n'umuryango we bakoresheje umutungo wabo bubaka amazu, harimo n'umutungo wa Biltmore muri Carolina y'Amajyaruguru, ukomeje kuba inzu nini muri Amerika.Urukiko rwa Elm rwagenewe umwuzukuru wa Koruneliyo Emily Thorne Vanderbilt n'umugabo we William Douglas Sloan, ku ifoto hano.Batuye ku muhanda wa 2 w’iburengerazuba 52 i Manhattan, muri New York, ariko bifuzaga ko inzu yo mu mpeshyi ihunga akajagari ka Apple nini.
Rero, mu 1885, abubakanye bashinze uruganda rukomeye rwubwubatsi Peabody na Stearns gushushanya verisiyo yambere ya The Breakers, inzu yimpeshyi ya Cornelius Vanderbilt II, ariko ikibabaje nuko yasenywe numuriro.Mu 1886, Elm Yard yararangiye.Nubwo ufatwa nk'urugo rworoheje, ni rugari.Muri iki gihe, iracyari inzu nini nini ya shingle muri Amerika.Iyi foto yafashwe mu 1910, yerekana ubwiza bwumutungo.
Ariko, Emily na William ntibishimiye cyane ibirindiro byabo, kuko bakoze bimwe byo gusana amazu, bakongeramo ibyumba, kandi baha akazi abakozi benshi kugirango babone ibyo bakeneye.Umutungo ntiwuzuye kugeza mu ntangiriro ya 1900.Hamwe na cream yayo yagutse itukura façade, kuzamuka cyane, amadirishya ya lattice hamwe na Tudor, imitungo itanga igitekerezo cya mbere.
Birumvikana ko Emily n'umugabo we William, bakora ubucuruzi bwabo bwite bwa W. & J. Sloane, ibikoresho byo mu nzu nziza ndetse n'amaduka yo mu itapi mu mujyi wa New York, ntibatanze amafaranga menshi yo gushushanya inzu yabo idasanzwe mu buryo bwa Gilded Age.Imyaka myinshi, couple ya VIP yakiriye urukurikirane rwibirori byiza muri hoteri.Ndetse na nyuma y'urupfu rwa William mu 1915, Emily yakomeje kumara icyi aho yari atuye, ahabereye ibintu by'ingenzi bitandukanye niba atari abantu bose.Mubyukuri, inzu ihishe inkuru itangaje.Mu 1919 yakiriye imishyikirano y'urukiko rwa Elm, imwe mu nama za politiki zahinduye isi.
Ubwinjiriro bw'inzu ni bwiza cyane nk'uko byari bimeze mu gihe cyiza ubwo Emily na William babaga.Ibiganiro byabereye hano mu myaka irenga 100 ishize byafashije kuzana Amasezerano ya Versailles, amasezerano y’amahoro yashyizweho umukono ku ngoro ya Versailles Intambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose irangiye.Iyi nama kandi yatumye hashyirwaho Umuryango w’ibihugu, washyizweho mu 1920 mu rwego rwo gukemura amakimbirane mpuzamahanga azaza.Igitangaje, Urukiko rwa Elm rwagize uruhare runini muri ibyo bintu byombi byingenzi.
Mu 1920, nyuma yimyaka itanu William apfuye, Emily yashakanye na Henry White.Yahoze ari Ambasaderi wa Amerika, ariko ikibabaje ni uko White yapfiriye mu rukiko rwa Elm mu 1927 azize ingorane zatewe no kubagwa maze bashyingiranwa imyaka irindwi gusa.Emily yapfiriye muri iyo sambu mu 1946 afite imyaka 94. Umwuzukuru wa Emily Marjorie Field Wild n'umugabo we Colonel Helm George Wild bafashe iyo nzu nziza maze bayifungurira abashyitsi nka hoteri yakira abantu bagera kuri 60.Hamwe nigisenge cyayo gitangaje kandi kibaho, aha ni ahantu heza ho kuguma!
Turashobora kwiyumvisha abashyitsi bishimira iyi hoteri nziza.Urugi rw'imbere rufungura muri uyu mwanya utangaje, wari ugamije gukora ikaze neza kubiruhuko.Kuva ku ziko rinini ryarimbishijwe na Art Nouveau bas-relifes zo kumira no kumuzabibu, kugeza hasi ya parquet igaragara hamwe no gushushanya velheti, iyi lobby itanga ibitekerezo birambye.
Inzu ya metero kare 55.000 ifite ibyumba 106, kandi buri mwanya wuzuyemo ibintu bitangaje byubatswe hamwe nibisobanuro birambuye, birimo amashyiga yaka inkwi, ububiko bwiza, ibishushanyo mbonera, ibikoresho bya zahabu, nibikoresho bya kera.Lobby iganisha ahantu hanini ho gutura hagenewe kuruhuka, kwakira abashyitsi no gukora.Umwanya urashobora gukoreshwa nkumupira wumupira wibyabaye nimugoroba, cyangwa ahari icyumba cyo gukiniramo cyo kurya cyane.
Isomero ryibiti ryimbitse cyane ryinzu yamateka nimwe mubyumba byiza byayo.Urukuta rwiza rw'ubururu, rwubatswe mu kabati y'ibitabo, umuriro ukaze, na tapi itangaje izamura icyumba, ntahantu heza ho gutererana n'igitabo cyiza.
Tuvuze amagorofa, iyi myanya yo guturamo irashobora gukoreshwa nkahantu ho gukingura nyuma yumunsi muremure cyangwa nkicyumba cyo kuriramo cyo kurya buri munsi.Hamwe n'amadirishya hasi kugeza ku gisenge yitegereza ubusitani hanze no kunyerera inzugi z'ibirahure zerekeza kuri konserwatori, nta gushidikanya ko Vanderbilts izishimira cocktail nyinshi nimugoroba.
Igikoni cyavuguruwe ni kigari kandi kimurika, hamwe nibintu byashushanyije bihuza imirongo hagati ya gakondo na kijyambere.Kuva mubikoresho byiza cyane kugeza kumurimo mugari, urukuta rwamatafari rwerekanwe hamwe nibikoresho byiza byigihe, iki gikoni cya gourmet kibereye chef w'icyamamare.
Igikoni gifunguye mububiko bwiza bwa butler hamwe namabati yimbaho zijimye, ibyuma bibiri hamwe nintebe yidirishya aho ushobora kwishimira ibintu bitangaje byikibuga.Igitangaje ni uko ipantaro nini kuruta igikoni ubwacyo, ukurikije realter.
Ubu inzu iri ku rutonde rw’igihugu cy’ahantu ndangamateka, kandi mu gihe ibyumba bimwe byagaruwe neza, ibindi birasenyuka.Aha hantu hahoze ari icyumba cya biliard, ntagushidikanya ko urubuga rwijoro rwimikino itangaje kumuryango wa Vanderbilt.Hamwe nimbaho nziza za sage yimbaho, amashyiga manini hamwe nidirishya ritagira iherezo, biroroshye kwiyumvisha uburyo iki cyumba gishobora kuba gitangaje hamwe nubwitonzi buke.
Hagati aho, ubwogero bwogeye bwogejwe bwatereranywe mu nzu, kandi irangi risohoka ku rubaraza rw'umuryango.Mu 1957, umwuzukuru wa Emily Marjorie yafunze hoteri maze umuryango wa Vanderbilt ureka kuyikoresha burundu.Nk’uko byatangajwe n'umukozi ushinzwe urutonde rwa Compass, John Barbato, ngo inzu yatereranye imaze imyaka 40 cyangwa 50 irimo ubusa, buhoro buhoro igwa nabi.Yaguye kandi mu kwangiza no gusahura kugeza igihe Robert Berle, umwuzukuruza wa Emily Vanderbilt, yaguze urukiko rwa Elm mu 1999.
Robert yakoze ivugurura ryinshi ryagaruye iyi nyubako nziza cyane.Yibanze ku cyumba kinini cy’imyidagaduro n’ibyumba byo kuraramo, anavugurura igikoni n’amababa y’abakozi.Robert yamaze imyaka itari mike akoresha inzu nk'ahantu habera ubukwe, ariko ntabwo yigeze arangiza imirimo yose.Nk’uko Realtor ibitangaza, ibyumba birenga 65 bifite ubuso bungana na metero kare 20.821.Metero kare 30.000 zisigaye zitegereje gutabarwa.
Ahandi hose birashoboka ko ari imwe muntambwe nziza cyane twabonye.Igisenge cyatsi kibisi cyerurutse, ibiti byera byera byera, ibiti bya balustrade nziza hamwe nigitambara gitangaje bituma uyu mwanya winzozi utatse neza.Intambwe iganisha ku byumba byo kuraramo bitangaje hejuru.
Niba ushizemo ibyumba byose byo kuryamamo byabakozi munzu, umubare wibyumba urazamuka ugera kuri 47. Ariko, 18 gusa ni bo biteguye kwakira abashyitsi.Iyi ni imwe mu mafoto make dufite, ariko biragaragara ko akazi gakomeye ka Robert katanze.Kuva ku ziko ryiza cyane n'ibikoresho kugeza kuvura neza idirishya, gusana byakozwe muburyo bwitondewe, byongeraho gukoraho ubworoherane bugezweho kuri buri cyumba.
Iki cyumba cyo kuryamo gishobora kuba ari ubuturo bwa Emily, bwuzuye hamwe n’akabati kanini kinjira n’ahantu wicaye aho ushobora gufungura ikawa yawe ya mugitondo.Twibwira ko n'ibyamamare bizashimishwa niyi myenda, tubikesha urukuta rwayo hamwe nububiko bwayo, ibishushanyo hamwe ninkweto zinkweto.
Inzu ifite ubwiherero 23, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zisa neza.Iyi ifite cream-palette yose hamwe nibikoresho bya muringa bya kera hamwe nubwiherero bwubatswe.Hano bigaragara ko hari ibindi byumba 15 byo kuryamo byibuze ubwiherero 12 mu ibaba ryiza ryinzu nziza, byose bikeneye gusanwa.
Hano hari izindi ngazi ziyongereye, zidafite uburanga kurusha ingazi zimbere rwagati rwinzu, zashizwe inyuma yinzu kuruhande rwigikoni.Ingazi ebyiri zari zisanzwe mu gishushanyo mbonera kuko zemereraga abakozi n'abandi bakozi kwimuka hagati ya etage batabizi.
Umutungo ufite kandi munsi yo hasi nayo itegereje gusubizwa icyubahiro cyahoze.Byashoboraga kuba ahantu abakozi bashobora guhurira mugihe cyo gusimburana cyangwa kubika ibiryo na vino muminsi mikuru myiza kumuryango wa Vanderbilt.Noneho bidasanzwe, umwanya watereranywe ufite inkuta zisenyuka, amagorofa yuzuyeho amatongo, hamwe nibintu byubatswe.
Iyo ugeze hanze, uzabona ibyatsi byagutse, ibyuzi bya lili, amashyamba, imirima ifunguye, ubusitani buzengurutswe, hamwe ninyubako zamateka zasaze zakozwe nigishushanyo mbonera cy’imyubakire ya Amerika, Frederick Law Orme.Byakosowe na Frederick Law Olmsted.Mu buzima bwe buhebuje, Olmsted yakoraga muri parike ya Leta ya Niagara, Parike ya Royal Royal i Montreal, ndetse n'umutungo wa mbere wa Biltmore i Asheville, muri Karoline y'Amajyaruguru, n'abandi.Nyamara, Parike Nkuru ya New York ikomeje kuba icyaremwe kizwi cyane.
Iyi foto itangaje, yafashwe mu 1910, ifata Emily na William ku ngoma yabo.Irerekana uburyo butangaje kandi buhebuje ubusitani bwahoze, hamwe nuruzitiro rwiza, amasoko asanzwe ninzira nyabagendwa.
Ariko, ntabwo aribyo byose byihishe murinyuma yinyuma.Hano hari inyubako nyinshi zubaka kumitungo, zose ziriteguye kandi zitegereje gusubizwa.Hano hari amazu atatu y'abakozi, harimo akazu k'ibyumba umunani by'akazu, hamwe n'inzu yo guhingamo umurinzi n'umurezi, n'inzu itwara abagenzi.
Ubusitani kandi bufite ibigega bibiri nuburaro buhebuje.Imbere mu kiraro gifite ibikoresho byiza bikozwe mu muringa.Hano hari amahitamo adashira iyo bigeze kubyo ushobora gukora nuyu mwanya.Kora resitora, uyihindure ahantu hihariye cyangwa uyikoreshe mugutwara ifarashi.
Isambu ifite pariki nyinshi zikoreshwa mu guhinga ibiryo umuryango wa Vanderbilt.Mu 1958, nyuma y'umwaka hoteri ifunze, Tony Fiorini wahoze ayobora urukiko rwa Elm yashinze pepiniyeri y’ubucuruzi kuri iyo sambu maze afungura amaduka abiri yo kugurisha imbuto z’umurimo we.Umutungo urashobora kugarura umurage wimbuto wimbuto kandi ugatanga isoko yinyongera yinjiza niba nyirubwite abishaka.
Muri 2012, abafite imitungo iriho ubu baguze ikibanza bagamije kubaka hoteri na spa, ariko ikibabaje nuko iyi gahunda itigeze isohora.Noneho ko amaherezo yagurishijwe kubateza imbere, Urukiko rwa Elm rutegereje igice gikurikira.Ntabwo tuzi ibyawe, ariko ntidushobora gutegereza kureba icyo ba nyirubwite bashya bakora aha hantu!
Gukunda Ibintu byose.com Limited, isosiyete yanditswe mubwongereza na Wales.Numero yo kwiyandikisha muri sosiyete: 07255787
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-23-2023